A central processing unit (CPU), or sometimes simply processor, is the component in a digital computer that interprets instructions and processes data contained in computer programs.
A CPU that is manufactured using integrated circuits is known as a microprocessor.
CPUs provide the fundamental digital computer trait of programmability, and are one of the necessary components found in computers of any era, along with primary storage and input/output facilities.
CPU 簡介
The IC has allowed increasingly complex CPUs to be designed and manufactured in very small spaces (on the order of millimeters).
Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of these digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines.
Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to cell phones to children's toys.
CPU 歷史簡介
IBM chose Intel's 8088 processor for the brains of the first PC.
This choice by IBM is what made Intel the perceived leader of the CPU market.
Intel remains the perceived leader of microprocessor development.
The first four generations of Intel processor took on the "8" as the series name, which is why the technical types refer to this family of chips as the 8088, 8086, and 80186.
This goes right on up to the 80486, or simply the 486.
PC's based on these processors are the kind that usually sit around in the garage or warehouse collecting dust.
CPU 歷史簡介
Intel 8086（1978）
This chip was skipped over for the original PC, but was used in a few later computers that didn't amount to much. The chip was available in 5, 6,, 8, and 10 MHz versions.
Intel 8088（1979）
The 8088 is, for all practical purposes, identical to the 8086. The only difference is that it handles its address lines differently than the 8086. This chip was the one that was chosen for the first IBM PC, and like the 8086, it is able to work with the 8087 math coprocessor chip.
CPU 歷史簡介
Intel 80186（1980）
The 186 was a popular chip. Many versions have been developed in its history.
NEC V20 and V30（1981）
Clones of the 8088 and 8086. They are supposed to be about 30% faster than the Intel ones, though.
Intel 80286（1982）
This chip was used by IBM in its Advanced Technology PC/AT and was used in a lot of IBM-compatibles. It ran at 8, 10, and 12.5 MHz, but later editions of the chip ran as high as 20 MHz.
CPU 歷史簡介
Intel 386（1985 – 1990）
The 386 signified a major increase in technology from Intel. The 386 was a 32-bit processor, meaning its data throughput was immediately twice that of the 286.
CPU 週邊應用 講 者：吳燾佑
CPU 週邊介紹
About CPU sockets
About AMD’s sockets
About Intel’s sockets
About sockets’ detail
About CPU Mode type
Ps. About motherboard
by google&yahoo – 圖片
About AMD’s
‧Slot A
‧Socket 462
‧Socket 754
‧Socket 939
‧ Socket 940-AM2 About Intel’s
‧Socket 1 - Socket 8
‧Super 7
‧Socket 370
‧Socket 7
‧Slot1
It will support at least two distinct operating modes.
kernel mode - perform any operation provided for by its architecture
user modes (or slave mode ) - are enforced by the hardware
Protected mode
has a number of new features designed to enhance multitasking and system stability
memory protection, and hardware support for virtual memory
modern x86 operating systems run in protected mode
include Linux、FreeBSD and Windows 2.x applications
Real mode
by a 20 bit segmented memory address space (about 1 MB of memory can be addressed )
direct software access to BIOS routines and peripheral hardware
no concept of memory protection or multitasking at the hardware level
80286 series and later start up in real mode at power-on
Add： motherboard
known as a main board, logic board, or system board
central or primary circuit board making up a complex electronic system
components on microprocessor, main memory, and other basic
Others..
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